High freezing temperature in SnO2 based diluted magnetic semiconductor

• Sn0.95−yMn0.025Co0.025FeyO2 compounds exhibits spin glass behaviors for y=0.0 with a spin-freezing temperature around 150 K.
• Sn0.95−yMn0.025Co0.025FeyO2 compounds exhibits ferromagnetism for y=0.01 below Tc=300 K.
• Fe atoms introduce charge carriers responsible for the change of interaction from frustrated behaviors to ferromagnetic interaction.

Sn0.95−yMn0.025Co0.025FeyO2 (y=0.0, y=0.01) compounds have been synthesized by the precipitation exchange method. X-ray diffraction revealed that single-phase rutile polycrystalline structure was obtained. Magnetic measurements revealed that this sample exhibits spin glass behaviors for y=0 with a spin-freezing temperature around 150 K, while it exhibits ferromagnetism for y=0.01 below Tc=300 K. The existences of frustrated moments due to Ruderman–Kittle–Kasuya–Yosida interactions in Sn(Mn, Co)O2 may be responsible for the spin glass state formed in Sn(Mn,Co)O2. With a tri-doping by Fe this magnetic frustration is broken, indicating that the Fe atoms introduces charge carriers responsible for the change of interaction from frustrated behaviors to ferromagnetic interaction.

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