Fabrication of fern-like, fish skeleton-like, and butterfly-like BaO nanostructures as nanofillers for radar-absorbing nanocomposites

Fern-like, fish skeleton-like, bunched cubic, and butterfly-like BaO nanostructures have been synthesized by a hydrothermal method at 170 °C from Ba(NO3)2·3H2O and NaOH in the presence of ammonium persulfate (NH4)2S2O8 (APS). The effect of the chiral ionic liquid (CIL) ditetrabutylammonium tartrate, [TBA]2[l-Tar], on the morphologies of the products has been investigated. It was demonstrated that [TBA]2[l-Tar] served as a modifier in the reaction system. Furthermore, the BaO nanostructures have been used as fillers in high-performance microwave-absorbing coatings. The microwave-absorbing properties of the coatings in the frequency range from 5 to12 GHz have been tested by means of a reflection technique. The maximum reflection attenuation obtained was − 20 dB, which occurred at a frequency of 10.6 GHz.

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► Fish skeleton-like and butterfly-like BaO nanostructures have been synthesized.
► Fern-like BaO nanostructures with uniform shapes were obtained on a large scale.
► The BaO nanostructures have been used as fillers in microwave-absorbing coatings.