Novel rigid poly(vinyl chloride) ternary nanocomposites containing ultrafine full-vulcanized powdered rubber and untreated nano-sized calcium carbonate

Novel rigid poly(vinyl chloride)/ultrafine full-vulcanized powdered rubber (UFPR)/untreated nano-sized calcium carbonate (UNCC) ternary nanocomposites were fabricated. TEM observation revealed that good dispersion of UNCC particles (about 40 nm) in the PVC matrix was achieved with the help of UFPR (about 150 nm). Interestingly, the PVC ternary nanocomposites excel corresponding PVC binary ones, as well as neat rigid PVC, in both heat resistance and toughness due to the synergistic effect of UNCC and NBR-UFPR.