XRD studies on hydrothermally synthesised BaTiO3 from TiO2–Ba(OH)2–NH3 system

A detailed work on synthesis of mono-phasic barium titanate (BT) using TiO2 powder in Ba(OH)2–NH3 medium at moderate temperature has been reported. Influence of various preparation parameters such as reaction temperature, reaction time, ammonia concentration and [Ba / Ti] ratio on the formation of barium titanate was studied. The progress of reaction for formation of BT was monitored by analyzing the X-Ray diffraction data obtained under different processing conditions. To quantify the percentage of reacted titania, calibration curves were generated from synthetic mixtures of titania and pure barium titanate. Mono-phasic tetragonal barium titanate having mean crystallite diameter of 27 nm along (101) plane was formed when the reaction was carried out for 1 h at 130 °C while keeping the initial [Ba / Ti] ratio as 1.64 and ammonia concentration as 10 M.