Controllable synthesis of bowl-like cu array prepared by electrodeposition through multilayer colloidal template

• The preparation of controllable bowl-like Cu film is firstly reported.
• Mechanism of infiltration procedures based on PS template was illustrated.
• Models are set up to discuss the evolution of the morphology.
• 3DOM Cu films are obtained by governing the time.

Macroporous materials with pores and channels are anticipated to exhibit improved performance in numerous applications due to their special structure. In this work, macroporous Cu were prepared by template-assisted electrodeposition method. The infiltration process of the film fabrication was discussed in details. Bowl-like array and three-dimensional ordered macrospores Cu film were obtained at deposition time of 1 min and 3 min, respectively. The mechanism of electrodeposition infiltrating procedures indicated that the target architectures can basically maintain its original shape, and the evolution mechanism of infiltration procedures from bowl-like array to three-dimensional ordered macroporous Cu is firstly studied systematically. Moreover, models are set up to discuss the evolution of the morphology with the process parameters, which indicated that the pore mouths and depth of the 3DOM film were deeply influenced by the deposition time.