Liquid phase surface alloying of CP-titanium with aluminum in an atmosphere of argon and nitrogen

In the present work, surface alloying of CP-titanium with different mixtures of titanium and aluminum powders in a gas mixture of 20% argon and 80% nitrogen was carried out using tungsten inert gas (TIG) process. The microstructures of the alloyed layers were investigated by optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the phases formed were studied by X-ray diffraction analysis. The hardness of these layers was also evaluated using a microhardness machine. The results showed that the surface hardness was significantly enhanced from 175 HV0.1 for the untreated substrate to more than 1000 HV0.1 for the alloyed layers, due to the formation of Ti3Al2N2 as well as Ti3Al and TiN in the modified layers. It was also noticed that the alloyed layers exhibited better wear resistance as compared with the untreated substrate.

► Surface alloying of CP-Ti with Al in an atmosphere of Ar–N2 was carried out.
► Formation of hard phases: Ti3Al, TiN and Ti3Al2N2 in alloyed layer were confirmed.
► Due to presence of hard phases, hardness of the alloyed layer reached to 1064 HV0.1.
► Wear rate of alloyed layer after 1000 m sliding was ~ 15% of that of untreated CP-Ti.