Effect of cumulative helium bombardments on the surface and structural properties of tungsten

The surface and structural properties of tungsten after cumulative helium bombardments have been investigated using molecular dynamics simulations. Helium atoms at 80 eV were injected into tungsten (0 0 1), (1 1 0) and (1 1 1) surfaces. The retention and distribution of helium atoms, the formation and growth of helium clusters and the surface evolution of tungsten substrates are found to be influenced by surface orientations and temperatures.