Bystander exposure to pesticide spray drift: New data for model development and validation

Experimental measurements were made of airborne spray, ground deposits and potential bystander dermal exposure under field conditions, using application techniques representative of those typically used in UK arable crops. Measured values of bystander dermal exposure were greater than those currently used in the UK regulatory risk assessment (Lloyd & Bell, 1983). This was as expected since compared with the earlier study a greater boom height and reduced distances between bystander and sprayer were used. Measurements of airborne spray were correlated with measurements of bystander exposure in order to define the relationship between the two so that model predictions of airborne spray can be mapped to bystander dermal exposure in the Bystander and Residential Exposure Assessment Model (BREAM).