Development of enriched Gd-155 and Gd-157 burnable poison designs for a PWR core

In this study, a genetic algorithm developed by the authors was applied to design the optimal enriched Gd-155 and Gd-157 burnable poisons in a reference PWR TMI-1 core. The CASMO-4/TABLES/SIMULATE-3 package calculated the neutronic performance of the enriched UO2/Gd2O3 fuel pin configurations. These configurations included different fractions of neutron absorbing isotopes Gd-155 and Gd-157, and 100 w/o enriched Gd-155 designs. Fuel cost analysis was performed to evaluate the economical benefits of these optimized enriched gadolinium designs. The break-even point for unit Gd-155 enrichment cost was determined to be around ∼$30/gram-Gd-155 with current unit cost scenario. The projected savings were 3.13% in gross and 2.08% in net compared to total fuel cycle cost of a reference TMI-1 core loading, if all of the 68 feed assemblies would be replaced with the optimized designs.