Exergy and economic analysis of a pyramid-shaped solar water purification system: Active and passive cases

An exergy analysis has been conducted to show the effect of a small fan on the exergy efficiency in a pyramid-shaped solar still. The tests were carried out in Mashhad (36° 36′ N), for two solar still systems. One of them was equipped with a small fan (active system), to enhance the evaporation rate while the other one was tested in passive condition (no fan). To examine the effects of radiation and water depth on exergy efficiency, experiments in two seasons and two different depths of water in the solar still basin were performed. The results show that during summer, active unit has higher exergy efficiency than passive one while in winter there is no considerable difference between the exergy efficiency of the units. Results also reveal that the exergy efficiency is higher when the water depth in the basin is lower. Finally, the economic analysis shows a considerable reduction in production cost of the water (8–9%) when the active system is used.

► Using a small fan in the solar still; reduces the productive cost of fresh water up to 9%.
► Effects of the fan and basin depth on the exergy efficiency during summer and winter were examined.
► Utilizing an active system will increase the daily productivity of fresh water by 20%.