Improvements in and actual performance of the Plant Experiment Unit onboard Kibo, the Japanese experiment module on the international space station

► Arabidopsis seeds with hardware were launched to the International Space Station. ► The Space Seed experiment was conducted in the Japanese Experiment Module. ► The seed-to-seed experiment completed under both microgravity and artificial gravity. ► Japanese novel developed hardware performed successfully cultivating plants. ► The senescence of rosette leaves was found to be delayed in microgravity.