Succinimide-N-sulfonic acid: An efficient catalyst for the synthesis of xanthene derivatives under solvent-free conditions

A mild, simple and convenient procedure for the synthesis of xanthene derivatives is described via three component condensation of aldehydes with 2-naphthol, 1,3-cyclohexanedione and/or a mixture of 2-naphthol and 1,3-cyclohexanediones using succinimide-N-sulfonic acid as an efficient, cheap and readily synthesis catalyst under solvent-free conditions. The structures of the products were characterized by their physical constants, comparison with authentic samples and IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The present methodology offers several advantages such as high yields, simple procedure, low cost, short reaction times, solvent-free and mild reaction conditions and use of a reusable catalyst.

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