Nanostructured materials for water splitting - state of the art and future needs: A mini-review

• Sustainable hydrogen production via solar-driven water splitting
• State-of-the-art nanostructured electrocatalysts for water splitting
• State-of-the-art photocatalysts for oxygen evolution and hydrogen evolution
• Strategies for the future improvement of solar-driven water splitting systems

Sustainable hydrogen production is the essential prerequisite for an envisioned hydrogen economy. The solar mediated water splitting process, which employs semiconductors that serve as light absorbers and photocatalysts, is a promising approach for the generation of hydrogen. Electrocatalysts have also been widely used as co-catalysts to increase the kinetics of water splitting. This mini-review surveys state-of-the-art electrocatalysts and photocatalysts with nanostructured features, and discusses future requirements in the area of solar-driven water splitting.

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