Molecular scale track structure simulations in liquid water using the Geant4-DNA Monte-Carlo processes

This paper presents a study of energy deposits induced by ionising particles in liquid water at the molecular scale. Particles track structures were generated using the Geant4-DNA processes of the Geant4 Monte-Carlo toolkit. These processes cover electrons (0.025 eV–1 MeV), protons (1 keV–100 MeV), hydrogen atoms (1 keV–100 MeV) and alpha particles (10 keV–40 MeV) including their different charge states. Electron ranges and lineal energies for protons were calculated in nanometric and micrometric volumes.