The effect of peptide absorption on PepT1 gene expression and digestive system hormones in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

The present study evaluates the effect of protein source (dipeptides, free amino acids, and intact protein) on development and growth of Salmonid fish alevin. Specifically, we follow the expression of oligopeptide transporter protein PepT1 in the intestine of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Fish were fed exogenously one of four diets: three formulated (lysyl–glycine dipeptide supplemented diet — PP, free lysine and glycine supplemented diet — AA, control diet with no lysine — CON) or commercial starter (Aller Futura — AF). Fish increased mean body weight 8 fold with PP- and AA-supplemented diets resulting in significantly higher weight gain than fish fed CON. Statistical analysis revealed a significant increase in relative PepT1 expression of fish fed experimental diets. Immunohistochemical staining with PepT1 antibody showed the presence of the transporter protein in the brush border membrane of the proximal intestinal enterocytes of fish from all experimental groups. Leptin immunoreactivity occurred not only in the gastric glands but also in proximal intestine and pyloric caeca of fish fed PP, AA and AF diets. Leptin immunoreactivity was also observed in hepatocyte cytoplasm and pancreatic acinar cells. Gastrin/CCK immunoreactive cells were present in the proximal intestine and pyloric caeca.