Photorespiration has a dual origin and manifold links to central metabolism

► Photorespiration is not a wasteful process but essential to all oxygenic autotrophs. ► Photorespiratory metabolism allows Rubisco to drive the global carbon cycle. ► Its origin dates back to the invention of oxygenic photosynthesis in cyanobacteria. ► Plant photorespiration comprises enzymes of cyanobacterial and proteobacterial origin. ► Photorespiration is multiply connected to central metabolism.