Elicitation of galanthamine biosynthesis by Leucojum aestivum liquid shoot cultures

The effects of methyl jasmonate and jasmonic acid on galanthamine production, phenolic acid content and growth of Leucojum aestivum L. shoot culture, cultivated in submerged conditions were investigated. The best time-point for addition of elicitors was during the exponential phase of the culture growth. The maximal contents of galanthamine and lycorine (226.9 μg/flask and 491.4 μg/flask, 1.36 and 1.67-fold higher compared to the control, respectively) were achieved after elicitation with jasmonic acid, whereas the elicitation with methyl jasmonte resulted in maximal accumulation of phenolic acids. It was demonstrated that the boosting effect of jasmonic acid on Amaryllidacea alkaloid biosynthesis was due to induction of the activity of tyrosine decarboxylase, whereas methyl jasmonate stimulates the biosynthesis of phenolic acids by inducing mainly the activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase.