Mouse Embryonic Head as a Site for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Development

SummaryIn the mouse embryo, the aorta-gonad-mesonephros (AGM) region is considered to be the sole location for intraembryonic emergence of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Here we report that, in parallel to the AGM region, the E10.5–E11.5 mouse head harbors bona fide HSCs, as defined by long-term, high-level, multilineage reconstitution and self-renewal capacity in adult recipients, before HSCs enter the circulation. The presence of hemogenesis in the midgestation head is indicated by the appearance of intravascular cluster cells and the blood-forming capacity of a sorted endothelial cell population. In addition, lineage tracing via an inducible VE-cadherin-Cre transgene demonstrates the hemogenic capacity of head endothelium. Most importantly, a spatially restricted lineage labeling system reveals the physiological contribution of cerebrovascular endothelium to postnatal HSCs and multilineage hematopoiesis. We conclude that the mouse embryonic head is a previously unappreciated site for HSC emergence within the developing embryo.

► Bona fide HSCs emerge in the mouse embryonic head before appearing in the circulation
► Endothelial cells (ECs) in the mouse embryonic head have hemogenic potential
► HSCs derived from ECs in the embryonic head contribute to postnatal hematopoiesis