Blood–brain barrier genomics and proteomics: elucidating phenotype, identifying disease targets and enabling brain drug delivery

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) regulates the passage of material between the bloodstream and the brain. Recent genomic and proteomic studies of the BBB have identified some of the unique molecular characteristics of this vascular bed, and have reinforced the concept that the BBB is heavily involved in brain function. Genomic and proteomic techniques have also been used to analyze the molecular events underlying diseases that have BBB involvement, such as multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, stroke and HIV-1 infection. It is expected that a better understanding of the complex mechanisms that link the BBB to neurological disease will ultimately lead to the development of innovative treatments.