Insight of current technologies for oral delivery of proteins and peptides

Although significant progress has been made in developing oral formulations to deliver bioactive proteins and peptide therapeutics, oral routes still need to overcome formidable barriers such as poor stability and permeability and rapid enzymatic degradation. Thus, novel formulation technologies for oral delivery of proteins and peptides are needed to further improve the bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy. In recent decades, researchers have attempted different strategies to successfully deliver proteins orally. In this review, we examine the current technologies being developed for protein and peptide oral delivery.