The efficient use of equine cryopreserved semen

In order to optimize the efficient use of cryopreserved stallion semen, recent research has focused on the minimum insemination dose of frozen–thawed spermatozoa required for maximum fertility rate. The results appear to be highly stallion-dependent. Factors such as the timing of AI with respect to ovulation, as well as the site of insemination within the mare's reproductive tract, also affect success in breeding with frozen–thawed semen. Since acceptable pregnancy rates can be achieved from insemination of mares with very low numbers of spermatozoa, increasing the number of insemination doses processed from a single ejaculate may prove more cost-effective to stallion owners.