An insight into anti-inflammatory effects of fungal beta-glucans

• Beta-glucan exhibit a broad spectrum of biological activities.
• Latest research progress on anti-inflammatory effects of glucans was reported.
• In vitro anti-inflammation effects of fungal β-glucans were summarized.
• Animal studies on anti-inflammation effects of fungal β-glucans were reviewed.
• Human studies on anti-inflammation effects of fungal β-glucans were presented.

β-Glucans from fungi exhibit a broad spectrum of biological activities including anti-tumor, immune-modulating and anti-inflammatory properties. The anti-inflammatory effect is mediated through the regulation of various inflammatory cytokines, such as nitric oxide (NO), interleukins (ILs), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF)-α, interferon gamma (INF)-γ as well as non-cytokine mediator, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Up to now, the anti-inflammatory activity of β-glucans has received little attention. It is worthwhile to investigate the anti-inflammatory properties of fungal β-glucans in a separate review, discussing in vitro studies, animal studies and human studies on anti-inflammation effects of fungal β-glucans, as well as the structure-anti-inflammatory activity relationships.