Glycinamide ribonucleotide formyl transferase is frequently overexpressed in glioma and critically regulates the proliferation of glioma cells

AimsCurrent treatments for the most common form of brain tumor, glioma, are disappointing in their effectiveness. Low expression levels of GART, an enzyme in the core nucleotide metabolism, significantly correlate with chemosensitivity, conferring a survival advantage to tumor cells. Our study aimed to explore the expression and function of GART in glioma.MethodsImmunohistochemical and Western blot analysis were performed in 70 cases of human gliomas and normal brain tissues. We mainly used cell growth assay and multicellular tumor spheroid formation assay to evaluate the proliferation and chemosensitivity of glioma cells.ResultsHigh GART expression (most cancer cells cytoplasm stained) was observed in 70 specimens and was related to the grade of malignancy. We also reviewed each grade of tumors separately and investigated whether GART expression predicted patient survival within each subgroup. In brief, GART overexpression was significantly associated with overall survival (P = 0.03). Interestingly, transfecting cells with GART-siRNA suppressed proliferation and enhanced temozolomide (TMZ)-induced apoptosis in glioma cells.ConclusionThe current results showed that GART expression was associated with glioma grade and that high GART protein expression might be related to poor outcome.