Unanticipated signaling events associated with cardiac adenylyl cyclase gene transfer

► AC6 expression reduces of hypertrophy, increased cell survival, and improved calcium handling - effects that appear to be cAMP-independent. ► Unlike endogenous transgene AC6 is widely distributed in the cell, enabling interactions with previously inaccessible proteins. ► The beneficial effects of increased AC6 on cardiac function may reflect its interactions with kinases, phosphatases, and transcription factors.