Alendronate–calcium phosphate hybrid films promoted the osteoblast differentiation and inhibited osteoclastogenic activity

• Alendronate-incorporated hybrid calcium phosphate films were prepared.
• Osteoblast proliferation and differentiation were enhanced on the hybrid film.
• Incorporated alendronate affected the transition to mineralization.
• Formation of mineralized tissue was promoted by alendronate incorporation.
• Alendronate incorporated in calcium phosphate induced anti-osteoclastic activity.

Surface property of biomaterials is a crucial factor determining the biocompatibility of a biomaterial. In this study, we aimed at evaluating the feasibility of alendronate (ALN) and CP hybrid films (CPAs) to promote bone regeneration. Experimental analysis elucidated that ALN incorporation promoted osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, phenotype gene expression, phase shift from differentiation into mineralization, and bone-like nodule formation. Inhibitory effect on the formation of multinucleated osteoclast was substantial. Therefore, the hybrid films can enhance osteogenic responses while inducing anti-osteoclastic effects. We expect the hybrid films can be potentially utilized for the promotion of bone regeneration.

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