Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis post extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support and literature review

• First case treated successfully with combination antifungals and interferon-gamma.
• Difficulty in diagnosing IPA in intensive care patients is discussed.
• Case demonstrates antifungal drug interactions with other medications.
• We show repeat imaging and sampling is useful to assess response to antifungals.
• Evidence for using long-term antifungal treatment is discussed.

The use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for reversible pulmonary failure in critically ill patients has increased over the last few decades. Nosocomial infections are a major complication of ECMO and fungi have been found to be a common cause. Herein, we describe a case of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis following ECMO, which was successfully treated with combination antifungal therapy and interferon-gamma.