Characterization of Staphylococcus xylosus and Staphylococcus carnosus isolated from Slovak meat products

The aims of this study were to isolate, identify and characterize the population of coagulase-negative staphylococci in different types of Slovak traditional sausages and to determine the metabolic properties of selected Staphylococcus xylosus and S. carnosus strains for the selection of potential starter cultures to use in the processing of sausages. The strains were tested for lactic acid production, survival in the presence of bile and sensitivity to antibiotics. Bacteriocin production, adhesion ability as well as biogenic amine (BA) production by isolates were also analysed. Most of the isolates were identified as S. xylosus and S. carnosus. Lactic acid values ranged from 0.40 to 1.03 mmol/l and strains survived in the presence of 1% bile. Most of the strains studied were sensitive to all antibiotics. Two strains, S. xylosus SO3/1M/1/2 and S. carnosus SO2/F/2/5 inhibited Listeria innocua and Pseudomonas sp. S. xylosus strains did not produce any BA, while S. carnosus SO2/F/2/5 did. S. xylosus SO3/1M/1/2 and S. carnosus SO2/F/2/5 appeared as the most adhesive strains. S. xylosus SO3/1M/1/2 with antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus avium EA5, L. innocua LMG13568 and Pseudomonas sp. SO1/1M/1/4, adhesion ability and free BA production could be used as starter culture in sausage manufacture.