Vasorelaxant effects of 1-nitro-2-phenylethane, the main constituent of the essential oil of Aniba canelilla, in superior mesenteric arteries from spontaneously hypertensive rats

The present study investigated the mechanisms underlying the vasorelaxant effects of the essential oil of Aniba canelilla (EOAC) and its main constituent 1-nitro-2-phenylethane (NP) in isolated superior mesenteric artery from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). At 0.1–1000 μg/mL, EOAC and NP relaxed SMA preparations pre-contracted with 75 mM KCl with IC50 (geometric mean [95% confidence interval]) values of 294.19 [158.20–94.64] and 501.27 [378.60–624.00] μg/mL, respectively); or with phenylephrine (PHE) (IC50s = 11.07 [6.40–15.68] and 7.91 [4.08–11.74) μg/mL, respectively). All these effects were reversible and remained unaltered by vascular endothelium removal. In preparations maintained under Ca2+-free conditions, EOAC and NP (both at 600 μg/mL) reduced the PHE-, but not the caffeine-induced contraction. In Ca2+-free and high K+ (75 mM) medium, the contractions produced by CaCl2 or BaCl2 were reduced or even abolished by EOAC and NP at 100 and 600 μg/mL, respectively. EOAC and NP (both at 10–1000 μg/mL) also relaxed the contraction evoked by phorbol dibutyrate (IC50 = 52.66 [10.82–94.64] and 39.13 [31.55–46.72] μg/mL, respectively). It is concluded that NP has a myogenic endothelium-independent vasorelaxant effects and appears to be the active principle of the EOAC. Vasorelaxant effect induced by both EOAC and NP is preferential to receptor-activated pathways and it appears to occur intracellularly more than a superficial action restricted to the membrane environment such as a simple blocking activity on a given receptor or ion channel.

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