Cardioprotective effect of concomitant administration of trigonelline and sitagliptin on cardiac biomarkers, lipid levels, electrocardiographic and heamodynamic modulation on cardiomyopathy in diabetic Wistar rats

Aim of the studyThe present study was designed to investigate the possible association of concomitant administration of trigonelline (TRIG) and sitagliptin (SITA) on cardiomyopathy in diabetic rats.MethodsDiabetes was induced in Wistar rats by administration of nicotinamide (NICO; 110 mg/kg) and streptozotocin (STZ; 65 mg/kg) intraperitonelly (i.p.). After confirmation of diabetes, rats were divided into following groups i.e. group 1: non-diabetic rats (ND); Group 2: diabetic rats (DC); Group 3: TRIG (50 mg/kg, p.o.); Group 4: SITA (5 mg/kg, p.o.); Group 5: TRIG + SITA (50 + 5 mg/kg, p.o.). Treatment with selected dose of TRIG and SITA was started from 3rd week after NICO–STZ injection and was continued up to 11th week. Cardiomyopathy was assessed by measuring serum glucose level, enzymatic cardiac markers, electrographic abnormalities, heamodynamic changes, lipid levels and histological examination of isolated heart tissue of treated animals.ResultsNICO–STZ diabetic rats showed extensive hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and elevated levels of enzymatic cardiac markers compared to non-diabetic rats. Concomitant and monotherapy treatment of TRIG and SITA exhibited significant decrease in hyperglycemia as compared to diabetic rats. Whereas TRIG + SITA considerably reduced hyperlipidemia, alteration in levels enzymatic cardiac markers and improvement in cardiac function by improved electrographic abnormalities and heamodynamic changes. Overall, the findings revealed in this investigation demonstrated that concomitant administration of TRIG + SITA can be strong pharmacological therapy as compared to monotherapy used for the treatment of hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and cardiac dysfunctions in NICO–STZ-induced cardiomyopathy in Wistar rats.ConclusionWe conclude that concomitant administration of TROG and SITA showed additive cardioprotective effect compared to monotherapy.