Effects of aminopentol on in utero development in rats

Aminopentol (AP1), the backbone and main hydrolysis product of the mycotoxin fumonisin B1 (FB1), is present in corn-based foods which are consumed daily as a substantial part of the diet in some areas of the world. The toxicity of FB1 has been attributed to altered sphingolipid metabolism, but the toxicity of AP1 is less certain. Epidemiological correlations and in vitro studies have suggested that AP1 can increase neural tube defects (NTDs), but no in vivo developmental study of AP1 was done prior to this study. AP1 was given once daily to rats by gavage on gestation days (GD) 3–16 at doses of 0, 15, 30, 60, or 120 mg/kg. Reproductive and developmental parameters were measured at GD 17, one day after the last dose, and on GD 20. In addition, on GD 17, maternal and fetal tissues were analyzed for sphingolipid content.Conclusions: AP1 reduced dam body weight gain, but was less toxic than FB1. AP1 was not teratogenic, did not affect tissue sphingolipid ratios, did not alter reproduction or development of fetuses, and produced no dose-related histopathological effects in dams.