Abrasion resistances of cellulosic, synthetic, polyurethane, waterborne and acidhardening varnishes used woods

This study was performed to determine the abrasion resistances of some varnishes used on wood materials. For this purpose, test samples prepared from Scots pine, Oriental beech, European oak, Black poplar, Basswood and Black walnut woods, which met the requirements of ASTM D 358, were coated according to ASTM D 3023 standards with cellulosic (C), synthetic (Sn), polyurethane (Pu), waterborne (Wb) and acidhardening (Ah) varnishes. The abrasion resistance of samples after the varnishing process was determined in accordance with TS 4755. It was observed that, according to wood samples, the highest abrasion resistance was obtained in Black walnut (168.9 rpm), and the lowest abrasion resistance was obtained in Scots pine (50.63 rpm); according to varnish types, the highest abrasion resistance was obtained in acidhardening (213.4 rpm), and the lowest abrasion resistance was obtained in waterborne (45.44 rpm). In accordance with the interaction of the factors wood type, varnish type and layer type, the highest abrasion resistance was found at interaction of Black walnut + acidhardening + 3 layers (578.0 rpm), and the lowest abrasion resistance was found at interaction of Oriental beech + waterborne + 1 layer (11.50 rpm). Furthermore, it was found that interactions according to the varnish type and amount of layer thickness display differences; varnish types are efficient to the first degree and layer thickness to the second degree for abrasion resistance. In this respect, it can be stated that in wooden parquets and place floorings, in which the abrasion resistance is considerably important, the varnish application with three layers of acidhardening can provide an advantage.