Cardiovascular Effects of Sleep Apnea

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is common, yet often undiagnosed. It impacts quality of life and cardiovascular health. Research links OSA to cardiovascular diseases including hypertension, stroke, atherosclerosis, and cardiac arrhythmias. Because 1 in 5 adults are affected by OSA and 75% to 80% of cases that could benefit from treatment remain undiagnosed, it is important that nurse practitioners be aware of its presentation, consequences, and treatment. This article provides an overview of the cardiovascular effects of sleep apnea and its pathophysiology, clinical presentation, screening, and treatment.