Malnutrition and epilepsy: A two-way relationship

SummaryBackground & aimsA link between malnutrition and epilepsy has been suspected for many years.MethodsDifferent aspects of the question were studied with a review of previous published data.ResultsSeveral studies performed on animal models or humans highlight the possible adverse effects of malnutrition in the onset of seizures. Protein-energy, electrolyte, vitamin or trace element deficiencies may be involved. Conversely, several determinants of epilepsy could lead to malnutrition: food taboos and social exclusion in developing countries as well as some adverse effects of antiepileptic treatments.ConclusionsTwo different hypotheses exist as a vicious circle: malnutrition predisposing to epilepsy or epilepsy predisposing to malnutrition. A better understanding of these interactions is necessary. In the mean time, malnutrition has to be prevented and treated.