Commotions cérébrales et sport : complications à long terme

Concussion is defined as an immediate and transient alteration of neurological functions consecutive to trauma. Post-concussion syndrome is the main complication in the short term. This article focuses exclusively on concussions incurred during sport. Reflection is conducted through a review of the most extensive literature on the subject as possible. If the concussion that belongs to the so-called light head injuries initially seems reassuring prognosis, complications in the short and long term to worry especially if taken initial load has been neglected. Pathophysiological mechanisms causing deceleration acceleration of shock and immediate secretion neurotoxins (glutamate, lactate, amyloid beta protein) will be discussed as well as post-concussion syndrome, and its persistence in the case of insufficient rest. The possibility of an aggregate from the third concussion risk seems consensual. In the longer term, repeated concussions can be responsible for chronic post-traumatic encephalopathy. Apolipoprotein E could play a supporting role in the case of homozygosity E4.