Tuberculosis of and around the Ankle

Osteoarticular tuberculosis of the ankle joint is rare, and diagnostic delays are common with this condition. The aim of our report is to highlight the varied clinical and radiologic presentation of this entity. We present a retrospective review of 16 patients with tuberculosis in and around the ankle joint who were surgically treated during a 6-year period. The incidence of ankle joint involvement in extraspinal osteoarticular tuberculosis was 15.7% in our unit. The most common presentation in our series was chronic septic arthritis, followed by periarticular osseous lytic lesion. Tuberculous synovitis, tenosynovits, and retrocalcaneal bursitis were also seen. Osteopenia, the hallmark of osteoarticular tuberculosis, might not be seen in all forms of tuberculosis affecting this joint. Chemotherapy remains the mainstay of treatment. Adjuvant surgery is often required to establish the diagnosis and in the treatment of patients with deformity and widespread destruction of articular cartilage owing to delayed presentation.