Numerical study of the effects of geosynthetic reinforcement viscosity on behaviour of embankments supported by deep-mixing-method columns

The influence of reinforcement viscosity on the post-construction performance of embankments with floating columns and fully penetrating columns is explored. It is shown that the viscous behaviour of geosynthetic reinforcement can increase the long-term shear deformations of foundation soil and increase the horizontal toe movement. The effects of reinforcement strain at the end of construction of embankments over two soft clay deposits are investigated. The deep-mixing-method column supported embankments with viscous and with inviscous reinforcement are numerically constructed to identify the effect and magnitude of reinforcement creep and stress relaxation.