Subarachnoid haemorrhage: Early clinical indicators and biomarkers

SummarySubarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) results in the release of numerous cerebral biomarkers into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and the systemic circulation. Multiple biomarkers have been identified and it has been postulated that some of these may be used in the early identification and diagnosis of the condition, its sequelae, as well as for determining the prognosis. This article reviews the current knowledge base that exists regarding the biomarker expression associated with SAH and the evidence behind their potential use in early diagnosis and identification of complications. Finally the importance of developing validated biomarkers to optimise clinical management of this common life threatening condition is discussed.