Study on stress wave propagation in fractured rocks with fractal joint surfaces

This paper presents the experimental and theoretical investigation of property of stress wave propagation in jointed rocks by means of SHPB technique and fractal geometry method. Our aim focuses on the influence of the rough joint surface configuration on stress wave propagation. The comparison of behavior of reflection and transmission waves, deformation and energy dissipation of a rough joint surface characterized by its fractal feature with that of a smooth plane joint has been carried out. It has shown that the rough joint surface distinctly affects the stress wave propagation and energy dissipation in the jointed rocks. The rougher the joint surface was, the more permanent deformation occurred and the more attenuation stress wave took place as well. A nonlinear relationship between the normalized energy dissipation ratio WJ/WI of the jointed rock and the joint roughness in terms of the fractal dimension has been formulated. It seems that the ratio WJ/WI, presenting how much energy has been dissipated in the joint, nonlinearly increased with the increment of the fractal dimension D of the jointed surface. The ratio WJ/WI of a roughly jointed rock, however, tends to be the same as that of a smoothly jointed rock if the fractal dimension is less than a critical value Dc = 2.20. The energy dissipation ratio at the critical point Dc seem to be a constant, not dependent of rock type but fractal joint configuration.