The use of intravenous enoxaparin in elective percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with renal impairment: Results from the SafeTy and Efficacy of Enoxaparin in PCI patients, an internationaL randomized Evaluation (STEEPLE) trial

BackgroundThe STEEPLE trial assessed outcomes of patients undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention randomized to receive a bolus of intravenous enoxaparin (0.5 or 0.75 mg/kg, n = 2,298) or activated clotting time–adjusted unfractionated heparin (UFH, n = 1,230), stratified according to planned glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor use.MethodsIn this subanalysis, we assessed outcomes in patients with renal impairment (creatinine clearance ≤60 mL/min, n = 659).ResultsMajor bleeding occurred more often in patients with renal impairment compared with those without (2.7% vs 1.5%, P = .04). Enoxaparin was associated with less major bleeding than UFH with normal renal function (0.9% for enoxaparin 0.5 mg/kg or 1.0% for enoxaparin 0.75 mg/kg vs 2.6%, respectively; both P = .01 vs UFH), with a trend toward less major bleeding with impaired renal function (2.6% or 1.8% vs 3.8%, P = .18 for enoxaparin 0.5 mg/kg and P = .47 for 0.75 mg/kg vs UFH). Minor bleeding rates were similar irrespective of renal function or anticoagulation regimen. The incidence of death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or urgent target-vessel revascularization was similar between patients with and without renal impairment (5.7% vs 6.5%, P = .45). In patients with renal impairment, event rates were 6.2% or 5.3% with enoxaparin vs 5.6% with UFH (P = nonsignificant). Target anticoagulation levels were achieved 4 to 5 times more often with enoxaparin compared with UFH in patients with normal and impaired renal function (both P < .0001).ConclusionsA single bolus of enoxaparin was associated with similar ischemic events and a trend for less major bleeding compared with UFH in patients with renal impairment undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Enoxaparin can be administered safely without dose adjustment in these patients.