Altered Expression of BK Channel β1 Subunit in Vascular Tissues from Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Correlation of blood pressure (BP) with expression levels of large-conductance, voltage- and Ca2+-activated K+ (BK) channel β1 subunit in vascular tissues from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY), and Sprague-Dawley rats (SD) at different ages was investigated. Systolic BP and BK β1 expression in mesenteric arteries at either mRNA or protein levels were not different among 4-week-old SHR, WKY, and SD. With hypertension developed at 7 weeks and reached plateau at 12 weeks, expression levels of BK β1 mRNA in mesenteric arteries and aortae from SHR during this period of time were significantly higher than in age-matched normotensive WKY. The BK β1 protein expression was significantly higher in mesenteric arteries from 12-week-old but not 7-week-old SHR when compared with age-matched WKY and SD. The BK β1 protein levels in aortae were not different among 7-week-old SHR, WKY, and SD but were significantly lower in 12-week-old WKY than in age-matched SHR and SD. Captopril treatment normalized BP of 12-week-old SHR. This treatment downregulated BK β1 protein in mesenteric arteries but upregulated it in aortae. No significant difference in BK α subunit expression was detected in mesenteric arteries from three strains of rats as well as the captopril-treated SHR. It appears that expression patterns of BK β1 in vascular tissues vary depending on tissue types, animal age, and animal strains. Expression of BK β1 in mesenteric arteries is closely correlated with BP in SHR. Increased BK β1 expression in mesenteric arteries may represent a compensatory reaction to limit the development of hypertension.