Cigarette smoking—Effect of metabolic health risk: A review

AimsCigarette smoking is a serious health problem and most important avoidable causes of death in worldwide. The aim of this report is to briefly review describe cigarette smoke composition and carcinogenesis. A second part will discuss the association between tobacco use and high risk of health disorders, existing evidence regarding smoking and cardiovascular risk and other health disorders.Methods and MethodsThe evidence so far shows that smoking dose-dependently increases the risk of impaired glucose tolerance, the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, pulmonary diseases, smoking and cancers and abdominal-type obesity.ResultsTobacco products contain more than 50 established or identified carcinogens and these may increase risk of cancer by causing mutations that disrupt cell cycle regulation, or through their effect on the immune or endocrine systems. Certain factors such as genes, diet and environmental exposures may alter susceptibility to cancer in tobacco user.ConclusionsToday at least 20% of all cancers are estimated to be attributable to smoking, but this figure is expected to increase because of the uptake of tobacco use in low-income countries.