Predictive value of ultrasound assessed carotid and femoral intima media thickness in coronary artery disease and its relation with age and gender

IntroductionIMT of carotid artery, can be assessed by B-mode ultrasound in a simple way, because of its superficial location, runs parallel to the surface of the neck, serve it as a suitable diagnosing method for coronary atherosclerosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the predictive value of IMT of CCA, ICA, carotid bifurcation and femoral artery for CAD and relation of IMT with age and gender of patients.MethodsTwo hundred patients (age from 30 y–80 y) who were subjected to coronary angiography in Haldiram Moolchand Cardiology Hospital, Bikaner (Rajasthan), also subjected for B-mode ultrasound scan of carotid and femoral arteries. The mean value of six measurements of IMT of far wall of the CCA, ICA, carotid bifurcation and femoral artery was calculated in each patient.ResultR2 value by regression analysis was significantly (p-0.000) higher for collectively all four arterial segments in significant CAD. R2 value for club model (CCA, ICA, Carotid bifurcation and femoral artery) was found 0.549 whereas for individual segment it was 0.422. Mean IMT of arteries significantly increasing with age and greater for men (0.686 ± 0.261) as comparison to women (0.594 ± 0.253).Conclusionpresent study that the IMT of the various muscular arteries which were taken in this study as different parameters were significantly correlated not only to CAD but also its severity. An increase in IMT of CCA and other arterial segments were found associated with age and gender of the patients.