کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
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2982105 | 1578669 | 2009 | 6 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
![عکس صفحه اول مقاله: Cerebral tumor necrosis factor α expression and long-term neurocognitive performance after cardiopulmonary bypass in rats Cerebral tumor necrosis factor α expression and long-term neurocognitive performance after cardiopulmonary bypass in rats](/preview/png/2982105.png)
ObjectiveCerebral inflammatory reaction is discussed as a contributor to adverse cerebral outcome after cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. This study was designed to determine the effect of cardiopulmonary bypass on both cerebral expression of tumor necrosis factor α and neurocognitive outcome in rats.MethodsWith institutional review board approval, 50 rats were randomly assigned to one of 3 groups: rats of the cardiopulmonary bypass group were subjected to 75 minutes of normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass. Sham-operated animals underwent identical preparation but were not connected to cardiopulmonary bypass, whereas rats of the control group were neither anesthetized nor cannulated. Ten rats per group survived 4 hours after cardiopulmonary bypass or the sham operation for immediate postoperative determination of tumor necrosis factor α–expressing cells (immunohistochemistry) and cerebral tumor necrosis factor α mRNA levels (polymerase chain reaction). The remaining animals survived 10 days for neurocognitive assessment by using the modified hole-board test and for analysis of cerebral tumor necrosis factor α activation in the late postoperative period.ResultsExpression of tumor necrosis factor α mRNA was increased 4 hours after cardiopulmonary bypass and the sham operation, with higher expression in the cardiopulmonary bypass group (χ2 [2] = 25.08, P < .001). Both experimental groups demonstrated larger numbers of tumor necrosis factor α–positive cells in the early and late postoperative periods (F [1] = 13.08, P ≤ .001) and an impaired neurocognitive performance on the first postoperative days compared with that seen in the control group (F [2, 24] = 4.26, P = .02).ConclusionsCerebral tumor necrosis factor α activation in both experimental groups during the early postoperative period was accompanied by transient neurocognitive impairment. Therefore cardiopulmonary bypass alone demonstrated no effect on cerebral inflammation and neurocognitive outcome.
Journal: The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery - Volume 138, Issue 4, October 2009, Pages 1002–1007