Glatiramer acetate improves regulatory T-cell function by expansion of naive CD4+CD25+FOXP3+CD31+ T-cells in patients with multiple sclerosis

Naturally occurring regulatory T-cells (Treg) exhibit impaired function in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) resulting from an age-inappropriate disproportion between prevalences of newly generated CD31-coexpressing naive Treg and long-lived memory Treg in the periphery. Recent evidence suggests that the immunomodulatory action of glatiramer acetate (GA) includes effects on Treg function and frequencies. We prospectively assessed suppressive activities and frequencies of Treg and Treg subsets in 15 patients with RRMS undergoing long-term therapy with GA. Treatment for up to six months reconstituted naive Treg and increased total Treg numbers with concomitant reversion of the Treg defect.