G-CSF enhances the adhesion of encephalitogenic T cells to extracellular matrix components: A possible mechanism for exacerbation of multiple sclerosis

Autologous stem cell transplantation is being considered as treatment of severe refractory autoimmune disorders, including MS. Stem cell mobilization is achieved with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), however, G-CSF administration resulted in cases of worsened clinical MS status.We studied autoreactive T-cell properties, which can promote CNS inflammation in MS. We show that G-CSF enhances MS autoreactive T cell line adhesion to the ECM proteins collagen IV and fibronectin as effectively as the proinflammatory IFNγ and TNFα, known to exacerbate MS symptoms.We propose a link between clinical worsening of MS symptoms induced by G-CSF and the hyperstimulation of T cell adhesion to ECM elicited by G-CSF.