Comparison of the Biological Properties of ProRoot MTA, OrthoMTA, and Endocem MTA Cements

IntroductionOrthoMTA (BioMTA, Seoul, Korea) and Endocem MTA (Maruchi, Wonju-si, Korea) were recently developed to overcome the disadvantages of ProRoot MTA (Dentsply, Tulsa, OK). This study aimed to compare the biological properties of OrthoMTA and Endocem MTA with those of ProRoot MTA using the preosteoblastlike cell line MC3T3-E1.MethodsThe setting times of calcium silicate–based cements (CSCs) and their effects on the pH of distilled water during storage were determined according to ISO standards. MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured with ProRoot MTA, OrthoMTA, and Endocem MTA. The viability of the cells was assessed using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay (Dojindo Laboratory, Kumamoto, Japan) on the supernatants of CSCs, and the cells' osteopontin production was determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay on a culture with the materials on days 3 and 7 of incubation.ResultsEndocem MTA exhibited a significantly shorter setting time (15.3 ± 0.5 minutes) than did ProRoot MTA and OrthoMTA (318.0 ± 56.0 and 324.3 ± 2.1 minutes, P < .05). Additionally, all CSCs caused their storage water to become highly alkaline after 7 days. OrthoMTA was significantly more cytotoxic than ProRoot and Endocem MTA (P < .05). ProRoot MTA induced significantly more OPN production than OrthoMTA and Endocem MTA on both days 3 and 7 (P < .05).ConclusionsProRoot MTA appeared to be superior to OrthoMTA and Endocem MTA in terms of biological properties although Endocem MTA exhibited the shortest setting time and presented lower cytotoxicity with osteoblastlike cells.