Leiomyosarcoma of the Tongue With Multiple Metastases: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Leiomyosarcoma of the tongue is an extremely rare malignant mesenchymal neoplasm and only 25 cases have been described in the English-language literature, 22 of which were primary lesions. A case is presented of a 54-year-old female patient diagnosed with primary leiomyosarcoma of the tongue with lung and multiple soft tissue metastases. This case is especially unusual because widespread soft tissue metastases resulted, involving the lung and skeletal muscle in 3 separate sites. Unfortunately, curative treatment was not possible. Chemotherapy using a combination of ifosfamide and doxorubicin was, therefore, provided as palliation, with a good response after a 3-week cycle of therapy. Currently available literature on primary and secondary leiomyosarcoma of the tongue was reviewed for a better understanding of this rare mesenchymal neoplasm. To the investigators' knowledge, there are no other reported cases in the literature that have previously been managed with chemotherapy alone.