Effect of Platelet-Rich Plasma on a Rabbit Model of Nicotine-Compromised Bone Healing

PurposeThis study aimed to evaluate the effects of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on nicotine-compromised bone healing.Materials and MethodsFifteen adult New Zealand white rabbits were implanted with 1.5-g time-release nicotine pellets. Bilateral mandibular distraction osteogenesis was then performed. Autologous PRP was injected into 1 side of the distraction regenerate, whereas physiologic saline solution was injected into the contralateral side as a control. Five rabbits were killed on day 5 of active distraction, on day 11 of active distraction, and in week 2 of consolidation, respectively.ResultsIn the PRP the platelet enrichment was 14.63 ± 3.081–fold of that in whole blood. Plain radiography and micro–computed tomography assessment showed no significant difference between the PRP injection and control sides. Histologic examination showed more disorganized distraction tissue on the PRP injection side.ConclusionsPRP injection at an early stage of active distraction does not significantly enhance bone healing in the nicotine-compromised rabbit model of mandibular lengthening.