Delayed Visceral Bleeding from Liver Injury After Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

BackgroundVisceral injury is a life-threatening complication of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR); however, the clinical significance has been masked by the lethal outcome of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).ObjectiveThe objective is to share our experience of successful treatment of OHCA patients with serious, CPR-related visceral complications.Case ReportsWe report two cases of cardiac-origin OHCA with liver injury exacerbated by heparinization during mechanical circulatory support. Although both patients presented with delayed massive liver bleeding (intrahepatic or peritoneal) that compromised hemodynamic status, one patient was successfully treated by selective transcatheter arterial embolization and the other by a surgical procedure.ConclusionPreventive measures such as careful CPR, as well as interventional or surgical repair after the early diagnosis of visceral injury, are required to improve the outcome in some cases of OHCA.