Macroscopic estimation of submucosal invasion-stomach

Accurate endoscopic determination of invasion depth for gastric cancer is essential in making the proper decisions for planning treatment strategy. The use of endoscopic resection such as endoscopic submucosal dissection has become more widespread in treating early gastric cancer, particularly in Asia. As a result, differential endoscopic diagnosis between mucosal and submucosal depth of invasion has become increasingly important in determining the indications for endoscopic resection. Endoscopy is the primary modality for diagnosing gastric cancer. Correlations between macroscopic type and invasion depth for early gastric cancer have been reported in the Paris endoscopic classification of superficial neoplastic lesions; thus, the proper use of macroscopic classification is helpful in determining invasion depth.